What is orthognathic surgery

What is orthognathic surgery?

How the Orthognathic problems cure by the surgery?

Which types of complication occur during the surgery?

The shape of the face depends on the architectural framework of the skeleton. When it goes in irregular manner then it falls in orthognathic problems. In dental science the word “orthognathic” is developed from two words ortho which means straighten and gnathic means jaws (skeletal bones).It is a Greek word. Orthognathic surgery is also popular with the term oral and maxillofacial surgery. Sometimes it is also called as cosmetic surgery. Hence due to its term it can be understand that orthognathic surgery is the surgery of jaws and face in the oral cavity.

This surgery is also known as surgical orthodontist. It is a kind of plastic surgery. The surgeons cut the bones and realigned them with the help of braces, screw, and rubber in the oral cavity. In orthognathic surgery doctors use to reposition the teeth according to patients’ requirement. Teeth may be added or removed in this surgery. The main objective of orthognathic surgery is to correct the facial structure of the patient.

The patients with problem of protruded maxilla, retruded maxilla, protruded mandible, retruded mandible, facial asymmetry, malocclusion, nasal deformity and TMJ disorder can go through this orthognathic surgery. Malocclusion is of two types one is skeletal and other is dental. Malocclusion is incorrect alignment of two jaws and jaw arch. Malocclusion is mostly hereditary disease. It is deducted by abnormal alignment of teeth, abnormal appearance of face, speech problem and mouth breathing. Orthognathic surgery aims to correct the facial structure and jaws problem.

An orthognathic problem may be hereditary or it may be cause by geographical factors. It can be caused due to malnutrition during pregnancy. Main cause of cleft lips and palates are malnutrition during pregnancy and also less consumption of vitamins minerals.

Oral and maxillofacial surgeons can perform the orthognathic surgery. Craniofacial surgeons in collaboration with orthodontic surgeon can also perform Orthognathic surgery. Their motive is to correct the facial structure and give their patient a pleasing personality. In this surgery doctors use traditional equipments like screw, electric saw, burner, manual chisels etc. Nowadays the surgeons are using nasal tubes in place of oral tubes. Surgeons cut the jaws and reposition the teeth using braces. New add advanced technique is also playing an important in Orthographical surgery. A trained surgeon can do the whole operation.

This is a complicated surgery. So before going for this surgery patient must have to know about its complications and thereafter go for the surgery. Complications in nerve injury (neuropraxia, axonotmesis, and facial nerve injuries), TMJ (condylar resorption) may appear. Other complications such vascular complication may arise. Numbness is also a common complication of orthognathic surgery. Sinus problem arise but it recovers after a certain period.

The age limit for a girl patient for orthognathic surgery is 18 years and for a boy patient it 20 years. In TMJ there is no age limitation. The patients should know the cost of orthognathic surgery .Its cost in California is $1500 and in Florida its cost is $800.Commonly the cost ranges from $20,000to $40,000 including initial consultation, follow-up cares, surgeon’s fee etc.

Planning for surgery is very important point before having the operation. With the help of radiography and photography a surgeon can plan for this operation. There are several software which can predict the face of a patient. These advance software ensure a patient how they will look after the surgery. It makes the patient and his family relaxed of aesthetic phenomenon.

Although multidisciplinary care of people affected by orofacial clefting has undergone through many advanced surgeries and surgical corrections. The treatment of cleft lips are in three stages primary, early secondary and late secondary. This operation can take 1_2years to recover. So a patient should regularly visit their orthodontist for checkups.

At last patient should take care of his diet. They can take a liquid and healthy diet. Medicines prescribed by the surgeons should be taken by the patient regularly. Oral hygiene is necessary for the patient. They should brush properly after orthognathic surgery. A patient should at least take 2_3 weeks rest. It will take 9_12 month hilling process.